THE BENEFITS OF EXERCISE TO A DOWN'S SYNDROME POPULATION

Abstract:The benefits of exercise and training for a reference population are well understood and the merits well documented. The aim of this review is to ascertain the benefits of exercise for a Down's Syndrome population.The physiological characteristics of the Down's Syndrome individual exhibit potential limitations and restrictions to both cardiovascular and resistance based exercise, with poor skeletal muscle development and chronotropic incompetence being the primary constraints. The merits to the Down's Syndrome individual are clear with many being classed as obese and showing classic signs of the contraindications to exercise.There is limited data available as to the physiological responses to exercise and training, but those presented highlight both benefits in terms of the physiological responses and inconsistencies in terms of methods applied. The physiological responses in terms of cardiovascular (CV) and bi-motor abilities are explored and examined showing that a key stimulus for adaptation are the ground impact forces (GIF). An overriding factor that affects all of the presented outcomes is the adherence of the individual to the program, with drop out rates greater than 50% in six months being reported.The conclusion would appear to be that a program is developed which is structured, and stimulating and conforms to the needs of the Down's Syndrome individual, taking into account their specific physiological needs.